The Ethics And Values Of Healthcare - 912 Words

Ethics according to the Webster dictionary, â€Å"rules of behavior based on ideas about what is morally good and bad; ethics; an area of study that deals with ideas about what is good and bad behavior; a branch of philosophy dealing with what is morally right or wrong; a belief that something is very important.† (Merriam-Webster, 2015) My own definition of ethic is practicing kindness, respect, and fairness. Taking credit for the work you have done regardless good or bad. I believe children should come first because children are our future. The definition of values according to the Webster dictionary is, â€Å"usefulness or importance,† (Merriam-Webster, 2015) my own values are as followed treat everybody with respect and kindness. Learning from your mistakes. Don’t hold a grudge. My ethics and values are always growing and changing especially with my education more advanced and my occupation getting more diverse. My perception of the ethics and values of he althcare executives and organizations coming from my medical assistant background is that sometimes healthcare can have the hardest ethical questions around for example the major question you think of is a heart transplant who do you give the heart to a child patient or an adult patient? Healthcare executives make the hardest decisions based on ethics even worse than judges because healthcare can mean life or death. Principles of medical ethics are as followed, â€Å"The medical profession has long subscribed to a body of ethicalShow MoreRelatedThe Nursing Code Of Ethics Essay1164 Words   |  5 PagesAs described in Black, ethics and morals are defining characteristics that guide nursing care. Each play a particular role in the efficacy of each nurse and the way he or she performs within the scope of practice. Morals are established as a rule of conduct in any situation provided and once a nurse is aware of one’s personal beliefs and values, safe and effective client care can be delivered through ethical decision making. Ethical decision making involves a critical analysis of actions beforeRead MoreThe Ethics Of Ethics For Healthcare Quality Professionals1272 Words   |  6 Pagesin any type of organization. In healthcare, the outcomes are improved patient care, dedicated staff and healthcare providers, and amplified market share. It obliges leaders, managers, directors, and supervisors to have a comprehensive interpretation of the role of ethical decision making (Winkler, 2005). Ethical health care organizations have incorporated and combined ethical practices and values, continuing education on ethics for everyone involved, successful ethics substructure, and morally spiritedRead MoreSelf Assessment1447 Words   |  6 Pagesindividual decision making. This research paper will examine reveal the lesions learned from self assessment. We will observe of the influence of the American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) as a guiding force in setting ethical standards in the healthcare industry. T his will lead us to discuss how our individual ethics influence our decision making. Lastly, a formulated strategy on enhancing future decision-making will be explained. Self-assessments of an individual’s abilities have provedRead MoreEthical Self Assessment1015 Words   |  5 PagesSonya Smith HCS 545 Teela Carmack 04/13/2015 Ethical Self-Assessment Paper Healthcare professionals are faced with ethical dilemmas frequently in the healthcare industry and they have the ability to influence patient care outcomes. Healthcare professionals face difficult choices concerning what is best for the patients and can sometimes become entangled with ethical dilemmas. Ethical decision making helps the healthcare professionals make the difficult choices when they are faced with an ethicalRead MoreEssay on Ethical Self-Assessment866 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Self-Assessment Paper Tiffany Renee April 19, 2011 HCS545 Health Law and Ethics Ethical Self-Assessment Paper Healthcare professionals are faced with making multi-faceted decisions on a daily basis. These decisions are not just limited to clinicalRead MoreEthics And The Medical Field Using Tissue Ownership Essay1642 Words   |  7 Pages(Cassell 2000). This paper attempts to provide a better understanding of ethics and its relationship to the medical field using tissue ownership to demonstrate how bio-medical ethical debates arise. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with values concerning human conduct. These values help cultures determine what actions are appropriate and inappropriate and which motives of such actions are good or bad. Ethical values help humans decipher correct ways to handle problems. Boyd (2005) suggestsRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill Is A Famous Philosopher Who Believed That1426 Words   |  6 Pagesgreatest good for the greatest amount of people (â€Å"The Impact of Ethics in Healthcare,† 2016, p. 12). These ideas are common beliefs of utilitarianism, which is defined as the belief that a morally good action is one that helps the greatest number of people (Utilitarianism, n.d.). A good example of utilitarianism, is when requirement for children to receive vaccinations is mandatory in order to protect the population. When it came to healthcare ethical issues, Mills believed that all individuals shouldRead MoreThe Ethical Substance Of An Action1685 Words   |  7 PagesFrom a utilitarian point of view on these issues is the idea that the ethical substance of an action is determined only by its usefulness in maximizing value and minimizing destructive values as added together for all persons. Whereas deontological points of view believe that deciding how wrong or how right an action is will focus on the action itself instead of the entire outcome whether it is good or bad. To put these two views into perspective, suppose hypothetically there is a database of patientRead MoreCode Of Ethics And National And International Charters1023 Words   |  5 PagesBody paragraph – code of ethics and national and international charters. In addition to the analysis for the case study, there are code of the ethics and laws in place that health professionals such as nurses must apply, when considering what should be done for the patient at the end-of-life. According to Kerridge et al., (2013) the law and ethics are different yet interrelated, the law are compulsory regulations that health practitioners must adhere to. The code of ethics in Australia, is a guideRead MoreEthical Implications in Nursing974 Words   |  4 Pagesblood transfusions (Ethics, 2009). For the medical community this is a difficult issue to deal with and relate to. Saving lives is what healthcare is about and blood transfusions assist in that. For some, however, blood transfusions are not an option. Although denial of life saving measures such as blood transfusions may not be ideal for members of healthcare, it is an important ethical issue and belief for some. With that being said, it is important as a leader in healthcare to have a better understanding

Security And Privacy Cyber Espionage - 2380 Words

1.0 SECURITY AND PRIVACY: Every business runs on customer s information, it is crucial to secure that information and to protect the customers privacy. It is always a better approach to protect them before it was stolen. It is more important to not to compromise to evil hands than any other disaster from natural devastating. It is crucial to protect the data as we cannot replace once it lost and secure our business. 2.0 HACKER S STRENGTH: Every organization think that hackers do not attack them as there is not much useful information within their organization. Advances in technology is the another strength that makes the hackers job easy than earlier. Different methodologies like targeting less educational customers, social engineering, Network attacks etc, are their another strengths. 3.0 HACKERS AND THEIR MOTIVES: †¢ who is Attacking? ï‚ § Cyber Espionage ï‚ § Industrial Espionage ï‚ § Malicious Insider ï‚ § Cyber Criminals ï‚ § Personal Attacks †¢ Where are they from? Cyber Espionage are generally who targets on national and international spying to steal bank s sensitive information, They could be someone intentionally hired by government or organizations. Industrial Espionage were who target s on competitive companies, They could be hired by organization. Malicious Insider, these hackers could be some internal employee, third party contractors, who has access to data of the internal systems. Cyber Criminals were professional individual hackers, or small groups who can takeShow MoreRelatedEssay On Cyber Espionage In China750 Words   |  3 PagesChina concerning economic espionage has been viewed with both optimism and skepticism. It’s the first agreement of any substance on the issue, which is a hopeful sign. China doesn’t enjoy a reputation of carefully adhering to international agreements and there is doubt about whether the agreement will have any practical effect on China’s behavior. Since the early 2000s, cyber espionage issues have increasingly strained U.S.-China relations. All countries engage in espionage, but China is one of theRead MoreCommon Information Security Threats1179 Words   |  5 PagesInformation Security Threats September 22, 2012 Common Information Security Threats As company’s dependence on computers and the internet increase, there are more and more threats that they face from hackers and anarchist alike. For ever solution that companies come up with to defend themselves against cyber attacks, those who wish to do harm find other means to attack, it is a constant cat and mouse struggle. If 2011 has been any indication, it is clear that everyone is vulnerable to cyber attacksRead MoreCyber Espionage And Cyber Terrorism987 Words   |  4 Pagesthat 90% of companies worldwide admits on having being unprepared to protect themselves from any type of cyber-attacks. Large corporations like Target and Hope Depot has been target cyber security breach. That compromise thousands of employees and customers confidential information such as the social security number and credit cards accounts. But some small business weren’t so lucky, as cyber criminals took control of their entire network and completely destroying the whole company. Cyberc rime willRead MoreThe Internet And Its Effects On The Environment1538 Words   |  7 Pagescriminals, terrorists, or foreign espionage for their own purposes. The movement of the nature of threats from physical to virtual dimensions has created a major shift in the development of strategies by the government around the world to meet the new challenges. In 2010, the Canadian government has published â€Å"Canada s cyber security strategy: For a stronger and more prosperous Canada†, a strategic platform to secure the Canadian cyberspace. However, although embracing cyber technology and obtain considerableRead MoreSummary : Cyber Security Principles And Policy Options1005 Words   |  5 PagesSummary for Cyber security - principles and policy options Cyber security is one of the major problem now a days because this problem doesn t consent with a single company or a state, all over the world are facing Cyber security problems. Some of the countries are consistently improvising their security. Some of the most prescient threats to cyber security are online identity theft, critical infrastructure protection, industrial cyber espionage and bonnets. Online identity theft is mostlyRead MoreCyber Espionage3202 Words   |  13 PagesABSTRACT The aim of this report is to examine the topic of cyber espionage. Incidents and threats of espionage committed using software tools have become frequent headlines in news stories in recent years, thus the existence of cyber espionage is undeniable. This report begins with an introduction of the topic, followed by a literature review. Moving on, two case studies specifically involving the use of Trojans and sniffers to commit espionage will be discussed. The scope of these case studies includesRead MoreWhy Snowden Is A Traitor And Not A Hero1256 Words   |  6 Pagesis a cyber-security specialist and an American hacktivist. In 2013, he leaked classified information from the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA), which revealed numerous global surveillance programs. His actions labeled him as a criminal by American government and as a hero or whistleblower by privacy activists. Snowden soon became a subject of controversy because the information he leaked fueled many debates in regards to government surveillance and the balance between information security and privacyRead MoreProblems with Ethiopia’s Unofficial Cyber Espionage Essay1038 Words   |  5 PagesEthiopia advanced in cyber espionage against its citizen’s. Innocent journalist from local and from other countries are being tortured, killed and imprisoned for speaking their opinions to the world. Ethiopia’s unofficial cyber espionage program targets innocent journalists and violates the United Nations-The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - Article 19 Freedom of Expression. The purpose of this paper will address problems with Ethiopia’s unofficial cyber espionage and evaluate theRead MoreDigital Crime and Terrorism Case Study Essay1524 Words   |  7 PagesDigital crime and terrorism is one of the remaining challenges that law enforcement must address to guarantee greater global security and harmony. Law enforcement agencies therefore need better means through which they can forecast the past, present and future aspects of digital crimes so that they can be well equipped to restrict the actions of those who perpetrate such crimes. This paper is going to analyze the eight key forecasts that are related to digital crime and how law enforcement agenciesRead MoreBarry J. Delisle s The Globalization Era2838 Words   |  12 Pagesdramatically increased since the introduction of the Internet. With the world connected, cyber actors represent a very real and often underestimated threat to the United States’ ability to defend national security, protect industrial innovation, and secure privacy information. As a result of globalization, the foreign cyber actors represent the most imminent threat to national security, corporate innovation, and citizen privacy rights. The first age of globalization took place during the mid-19th century

Mudule guide Free Essays

By the end of this module, successful students will typically be able to; demonstrate the ability to critically analyse and evaluate the reality of complex IHRM and employment relations issues from a variety of perspectives; demonstrate the ability to relate theory to practice; demonstrate the ability to evaluate the relative strengths and weaknesses of selected national HRI employment relations systems; demonstrate the ability to undertake ystematic management research as required by module assessments and in- module participation, synthesise information and reference appropriately; communicate effectively verbally and in writing; demonstrate the ability to use initiative and independence in study and application. 3 Format of Delivery There is one lecture (1 hour) and one seminar (1 hour) per week. 4 How StudyNet will be used to support this module StudyNet will be used for providing lecture notes and other materials relating to each session. We will write a custom essay sample on Mudule guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now These will be accessible prior to each lecture. StudyNet will be used for all ommunication on the module. Additional reading and links to Journal articles will be put in the ‘Additional Reading folder under ‘Teaching Resources’. You should consult this folder on a regular basis as the readin supports your module. Teaching methods used on this module The module will use a variety of teaching methods which include lectures, seminars and workshops. A feature of the module is the emphasis placed upon student presented seminars. Students are expected to participate fully in the module. Prior to each session, they are expected to familiarise themselves with the lecture topic by rawing upon the detailed guided reading and to read selectively from the seminar reading list. In addition, they are encouraged to keep abreast of current events and be prepared to discuss these and their own work experiences (where appropriate) in the seminar groups. This variety of methods will enable students to effectively achieve the module learning outcomes. Students are expected to attend this module regularly as an essential part of their learning lies not only in the lecture but also in the contribution that students make to the seminar programme. If students are unable to attend, they must advise the tutors. a Module schedule and lecture/seminar information In this section you will find a week by week schedule for this module. There is one lecture (1 hour) and one seminar (1 hour) per week. Please note that there are sometimes unforeseen circumstances, such as staff illness, that may necessitate communicate these changes to you in good time. The table below provides a summary of the teaching programme. You need to consult the full schedule for the directed reading. How to cite Mudule guide, Papers

Business Marketing Experimental Learning

Question: Discuss about the Business Marketing for Experimental Learning. Answer: Introduction of the Organisation Dream city is a role play city with a purpose to attract kids around in Melbourne by focusing on experimental learning. The theme park is especially designed for the kids from 2 to 14 years of age. The theme of the park is to provide education in a fun manner. The purpose of the organization is to synchronise education with entertainment. It has its own government, transportation which provides kids with a platform to broaden their imaginary skills. Kids get an opportunity to spend a day like an adult and provide them full independence. They get to explore the career opportunities and offer the kids a platform to enjoy their fantasy. For example Dream city pilots navigate aeroplane, police officer provides a detective work, scientist work in an R D department. There are many theme parks which are operating in the Asia-Pacific. The park uses its own resources to develop the mental strength of kids and provide them a platform to expand their thought process. They have their own currenc y known as Dollaz. Mission, Vision and Goals of the organisation The mission of the organization is to expand the thought process through experimental learning. The purpose of the organization is to synchronize education with entertainment. The concept gives children to spend a day like an adult to instil better understanding in them. There purpose is to surface better opportunities in Melbourne city by benefitting the schools and communities. There vision is to create a healthy playful environment in the city by successfully implementing the business model. They want to establish themselves as a value-focused theme park by serving the needs of kids. Continuous promotion of education and entertainment creates a long term sustainable growth. Goals Their aim is to provide a meaningful contribution by creating employment opportunities for the small and large business owners. It will help in accelerating the growth in the country and gives an opportunity to the small business to elaborate their business. Situation Analysis Dreamcity is the first kind of theme park in Melbourne, Australia. There are parks with the similar concept in the other countries as well. It will create an ample of opportunity for the organization. Kids will get a platform to showcase their talent and harness their fantasy. The education Dreamcity will serve the multi-purpose by focusing on the kids from the school and various communities. Melbourne is Australias second largest city. 2 to 14 year of kids form a major part of the population. There is possible growth in the organization due to a different concept. Target customers include people from the adjacent state. Company is expected to see a positive result in the coming years. External Environment Analysis of Competitive Environment The dreamcity is based on the concept of combining the characteristics of education with entertainment which provides kids with a learning experience. A research has shown that a middle school child wants to spend their pocket money on valuable things rather than enjoying other material objects. It is reported that 7 out of 10 kids enjoy participating in the meaningful activity. There concept is unique and features various experience and products by making learning delightful. At present there is no such park in the country or in south pacific. However there are outdoor parks like Dreamworld, Science works, Movie World, Wet and Wild world etc. But they are different from the other theme park on the basis of its exclusive concept. They are the only park which is providing role play based educational model which serve both the purpose (i.e. education and fun). It is the only theme park which provides a unique experience to special kids. The park is situated indoor which provides comple te safety to the kids and their USP is minding facilities for the kids above the age of 6 years. The park is centrally located in the city and gives an option for parents to shop and do leisure activity. The beneficiaries are government, non-government organization, communities and various school care centres. Large scale organizations are also benefitted through the theme park. The park has created opportunities for different business people and educational institution. PESTEL Internal Environment Political Political environment is an important feature while establishing an amusement park. If the region is politically unstable, it will affect the industry. Any such change in the political system affects the operations of the organization. Liberal political system creates opportunities for the new organization. Economic Economic capacity and financial stability helps in deciding the future of the organization, entertainment industry is often affected by the adverse economic conditions. Australian exhibits a high standard of living. Although there is a decline in the consumption pattern in the recent times. Economic development creates a favourable environment for the organization. Social The products should be aligned as per the choice of the customers. A thorough study in the consumption pattern is necessary to fulfil the gap. The study has shown that kids are more interested to spend on valuable products rather than material goods. It has helped in broaden the overall growth in the organization. Technology Technological factor has a strong impact on the growth and development of the theme park. The park is based on technology which is essential in serving the main purpose. Most of the products at the organization are based on modern technology. Social media is another factor to promote the products of the company. Environmental Environmental protection is important to provide licensing. The company has to face pressure from the government due to increasing environmental issues. It is necessary to follow the rules and regulations given by the government. The amusement park has to follow the policies and safety guidelines by the government. Legal The amusement and entertainment industry is regulated by the law and regulations. It is governed by the government organization. The safety measures are necessary to be followed. The organization is governed by the Queensland law. Review of current marketing situation The slogan of Dreamcity is its run by kids is a unique way to attract kids. It provides a healthy environment to the kids with a very attentive staff. This will enhance the experience of kids by continuously adding the new features. The current has ample of opportunities as there is no other theme park on a similar concept. The company can grow if it focus all its resources carefully and expand its business operations in all over Australia and New Zealand. Review of current and future organisational resources The maximum amounts of resources in the company are received through the investors. Dreamcity has aligned various projects with the partners to create business opportunities for small and large investors. The future resource depends upon the stakeholders whose interest lies with the company. ROI depicts a constant growth in the company if the other factors do not change. SWOT Analysis (External + Internal) Strength 1. Brand awareness through celebrities has helped in promoting it within the Australian market 2. It has a unique concept which differentiates it from the other theme park. 3. Providing competitive strategies to all type of customers. 4. Minimum use of intermediaries has reduced the extra operational cost. Business is directly focused on customers. 5. Only type of Role play theme park in Australia 6. Low-level of competition due to its USP. 7. Concept will create awareness in the educational institutions. 8. Based on the unique concept of Social-Business. Weakness 1. A huge financial capital is required at an initial level. 2. The estimated initial cost required for establishing the park is AUD 20 million. 3. Problem in serving the lower social-economic population 4. Inability to grow in a low populated area. 5. May face difficulty in establishing theme park at Gold Coast due to heavy competition. 6. Maximum footfall can only be 1800 per day due to constraint in the size. Opportunities 1. Possibility of economic downturn due to increase in consumer spending. 2. Different educational concept apart from the traditional method. 3. Improvement in the use of technology to provide high end operations. 4. Growth opportunities in the other major cities. New Zealand has a high opportunity. Threat 1. Potential threat from the other theme-parks. 2. Strong publicity through celebrities causes extra cost to the organization. 3. Any change in the education regulation and government policies may cause problem to the organization. 4. Potential entrance of other international companies. 5. It is difficult for providing facility in the geographical location. Critical Issues There are issue from the other amusement parks which are located in Melbourne. The company may find difficulty in initial establishment. The initial capital is very high which is difficult for the organization to procure. There are various theme parks which are already working in Melbourne and nearby states. It is difficult for the organization to compete against those amusement parks which are already established from a long time. There are threats from the international theme parks which are planning to establish in Melbourne due to favourable economic condition. The cost per kid is very high which may impose restriction. This may impact the lower socio-economic group. The serious competition from the other competitors like Dreamworld (Outdoor), Science Works (Different Concept) Movie World (Outdoor), Wet n Wild World (Outdoor), Sea-world (Outdoor), Aquarium etc are posing threat to the existence of the organization. Marketing Objectives (Sustainable and Achievable) The main objective of the organization is to create a sustainable environment which ensures continuous growth. The marketing objective involves promoting the organization through celebrities. The target audience is the kids under the age group of 2 to 14 years. the marketing and media campaign will take place in two phases. The pre-launch campaign consists of launch of the product focusing on the targeted audience. There is a necessity to create brand awareness campaign to restrict the competition in the current Australian market. The amusement park will be launched on Easter. It is essential for the organization to create hype around the city through different manner. The product is majorly launched to serve the needs of the children as well as school teacher from various backgrounds. The marketing strategies focus on building a strong brand base by promoting the vision, mission and goal through media campaign. Social media is an important tool to promote the brand name. It is a strong medium to create awareness and attract the target customers. The total marketing budget is $ 8000,000 which includes all the cost incurred in launching the product. Marketing Strategies Market / Demand Potential The current Australian market has lot of potential. The market study shows an ample of opportunities in the entertainment industry. Dreamcity is based on a unique concept which differentiated it from the other theme park. The domestic and international kids in Melbourne are 3,598,860/year. The organization assumes a foot-fall of .98% per year. As per the tourism department it is forecasted a domestic visitor nights is 66.1% for the year 2016-17. The company will see an excess demand from the domestic as well as the international customers. Apart from the other competitors the brand has its USP which will help in making a direct sale to the customers. The brand has considered the opportunities which the other competitors are not providing. Target Market with reference to Ansoff matrix, Segmentation and Targeting The new product has to see different strategies which will help in their continuous growth. The brand has to compete with various other competitors which are difficult to manage at an initial stage. Hence it needs to form a strategy which is based on sustainable development. Ansoff matrix is continuous development of the product through various strategies like market penetration, product development, market development, and diversification. Dreamcity is launching a product which is based on combining education with entertainment. It is the only theme park which is providing differential services. Segmentation is the technique through which the entrepreneur focuses on the target customers the market is divided into various segments. Here the company has its target focused on the kids. To serve the purpose it has designed its product focusing on their needs. The main target of the company is the kids from the age of 2 to 14 and their parents. This has not only targeted the customers but the business organization as it has created opportunities for the other organizations as well. Targeting is business strategies which focus on particular customers. Here the target customer is the kids from 2 to 14 years. It is focused on creating the opportunities as per the available market conditions. The current market has opportunities in terms of growth. It has not only targeted the kids but has created business opportunities for the small and large organizations. Product Strategies The product strategy defines how the product is different from the other in the market. It is very difficult to manage the functions in the market. Dreamcity is based on the unique concept which differentiates it from the other parks. They follow a differentiation strategy by bringing the concept of educational theme park. It is necessary for a company to focus on their product strategy to retrieve the maximum result. Pricing strategies Pricing should be done keeping in mind the people from every walk of life. The price should be convenient and approachable. It should not restrict the purpose of the organization. Socio-economic condition should not restrict the kids from the other organization. The brand should provide discounts and special privileges to those who cannot afford. The unique selling preposition and theme distinguishes it from the rest of the brands present in the country. Pricing should be reachable and realistic keeping in mind the other competitors. Positioning Strategies Positioning strategies focus on creating a position in the market. Marketing strategies should focus on creating a distinguished position. Dreamcity has a distinguished realistic product which will provide kids with an insight to elaborate fantasy through different games. These strategies will help the brand to establish a brand name within a short time period. Brand positioning plays a key role in deciding the future of the organization. Brand has to focus on developing its functions through continuous innovation. Processes (Extra Ps for service industry) A process helps in stimulating continuous growth within an organization. Organization strength depends upon the type of procedure it has adopted to deliver it to the customers. A strong process helps in accelerating the growth in the organization. Dreamcity is building on providing a unique service which is designed specifically for the kids. It needs to focus on delivering a learning experience to the kids. Safety should be given more preference while creating a strong process. People (Extra Ps for service industry) People in the organization define the status of the organization. A strong team helps in the growth and provides sustainability. Dreamcity has excellent workforces who are focused on serving the goal of the organization with utmost safety. Kids are handled carefully by the attendant and special attention is given to the special kids. The attendants are well-trained and work constantly keeping in mind the welfare of the organization. Physical Evidence (Extra Ps for service industry) There is an excess competition in the same industry. It is only the brand quality and USP which focuses on decreasing the competition. It has to focus on strategy by introducing innovation. An organization can only grow if there are fewer competitors. There is at present no other competition in the industry which is providing the similar industry. Physical evidence is a main part of the marketing mix which focuses on cutting the competition from others. Gold coast has many theme based park which has created excess competition. There is a necessity to ensure sustainable growth within the required time-frame. Communication or Distribution Strategy Communication channel are essential to propagate information related to the product and service. Dreamcity has already allocated a sufficient budget towards the marketing procedure. It is necessary to create hype about the product by choosing a proper channel. The company has allocated a budget for its pre and post launch. The company has its distributed channel by focusing on the continuous growth through the process. Budget The company has a marketing budget of - $800,000. The budget is especially for the pre-launch strategies. It has allocated budget for its launching as well. It is essential for a company to implement a strong plan to achieve maximum result. Timeline of Action Pre- launch campaign has started from June 2016 with a motive to focus on the potential investors and partners. It has a target to create product hype through product promotion at nearby places to attract customers. The media campaign for Dreamcity will be launched as soon as possible. The launch campaign will start after the Easter holidays. It will start its operations on Easter. The company will start working from 2017. The Melbourne Park will start from Easter in 2017. Control and Review Mechanisms The company has strong review mechanisms which keep a direct control over its operations. The mechanism is directed to procure the maximum result in the initial year of operations through regular campaigning. It is following a coordinating system which solves the purpose to get the regular benefit in the coming years through strong completive system. They are constant focusing on policies which focus on increasing the profit with a systematic mechanism. Quality assurance is there prime focus which ensures constant growth within an organization. Profit and loss projection (2017, 2018, 2019) The following is the forecasted profits a company is expecting in the coming years. If it keeps all the other factor constant. The profit and loss statement depicts the profit earned by the company in the coming years. Development 3 4 5 2016 2017 2018 2019 Target footfall (approx.) 34848 38332 42165 Revenue Revenue $ $1,568,160 $1,724,940 $1,897,425 Total Revenue $ $1,568,160 $1,724,940 $1,897,425 Costs Salary $24,000 $178,010 $195,811 $215,392 Non Salary: Corporate social responsibility $ $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 Marketing budget $250,000 $750,000 $605,000 $500,000 Other direct costs $ $450,000 $500,020 $525,000 Total costs $274,000 $1,403,010 $1,325,831 $1,265,392 Net Profit $274,000 $165,150 $399,109 $632,033 Net profit margin $ 0.105 0.231 0.333 Financial summary There is major investment in the brand promotion which involves the maximum budget of the company. The approximately footfall per year is taken as 34848; it is assumed that there will be a rise in 10% every year. The net margin is increasing every year. Enrolments are as follows: 2017-34848 2018-38332 2019-42165 Financial model assumptions All the calculations and figure are assumed whereas certain figures are taken from the given information. There is an increment in the profits of the company due to continuous promotion. The ticket charged from each customer is $45. The net profit margin= net profit/total revenue. It is assumed that there will be a constant growth at 10% every year keeping other factors constant. Return on Investment Formula for Return on Investment= Net Profit/ Total Investment * 100 The initial capital investment on the theme park is estimated to be AUD 20 million It is assumed that the total investment per year is constant i.e. AUD 20 million. It is expected that the ROI is increasing every year if the other variable situation are kept constant. 2017 $165,150/$2000000*100=8.25% 2018 $399,109/2000000*100=19.9% 2019 $632,033/2000000*100 =31.60%

Why does Rawls reject meritocracy Essay Example

Why does Rawls reject meritocracy? Paper The System of Natural Liberty (where careers are open to talents and society is pareto-efficient) is a strongly meritocratic conception of society, since firstly, jobs are open to those with merit (Rawls usage of talents seems to be equivalent to those with merit), and secondly, there is no redistributive element to upset a distribution patterned according to merit. Now it is obvious why this interpretation of the second principle is not very useful to those in the original position, since the minimum outcome in this society might be very low indeed. However, that does not preclude this interpretation of the second principle being used as a principle of justice with other principles, as Rawls in fact presents in i 21. If the intent is to make this interpretation more palatable to POPs, then we may wish to have the following principles of justice: first, the principle of greatest equal liberty, and second, the principle that careers be open to talents, subject to the constraint that a certain social minimum be maintained. We will write a custom essay sample on Why does Rawls reject meritocracy? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Why does Rawls reject meritocracy? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Why does Rawls reject meritocracy? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However, Rawls intent is not to make the Natural Liberty interpretation more palatable, but rather to discredit, and to this end he finds something in the System of Natural Liberty that is objectionable: [T]he initial distribution of assets for any period of time is strongly influenced by natural and social contingencies. The existing distribution of income and wealth, say, is the cumulative effect of prior distributions of natural assets- that is, natural talents and abilities- as these have been developed or left unrealized, and their use favored or disfavored over time by social circumstances and such chance contingencies as accident and good fortune. Intuitively, the most obvious injustice of the system of natural liberty is that it permits distributive shares to be improperly influenced by these factors so arbitrary from a moral point of view. 9 Thus, that distributive shares are improperly influence by moral arbitrary factors is what is so objectionable about a system of natural liberty. The notion of moral arbitrariness is something I shall return to later, though for the moment I assume that a sufficient understanding of the term will allows us to proceed to Rawls next construal of the second principle, that of liberal equality. The system of liberal equality adds to the system of natural liberty the principle of fair equality of opportunity, or that those who are at the same level of talent and ability, and have the same willingness to use them, should have the same prospects of success regardless of their initial place in the social system10. Even in the best case, fair equality of opportunity would only preclude a continued accumulation of natural assets. To use a metaphor, fair equality of opportunity would reset the scores after each round of the game had been played, but would not preclude vast disparities between players in each round of the game itself. Thus, as Sandel remarks, the same reasoning that leads us to favor a fair meritocracy (as in liberal equality) over a purely formal equality of opportunity (as in natural liberty) naturally leads us further to seek what Rawls calls the democratic conception11. This democratic conception acknowledges that there are natural inequalities in skills and ability, but that since it is practically impossible to even out these inequalities, we should turn them to good use instead, or, to quote from Rawls, we can arrange the basic structure of society so that these contingencies work for the good of the least fortunate12. This gives rise to the Difference Principle: The higher expectations of those better situated are just if and only if they work as part of a scheme which improves the expectations of the least advantaged members of society. 13 Rather than meritocratic, this is a strongly egalitarian principle (though not as egalitarian as ensuring equality of outcome). It is anti-meritocratic in two senses: first, in characterising as unjust certain expectations of those with merit, this principle will give rise to a society that is anti-meritocratic in character. Second, it violates the principles of reward according to merit. Consider the following situation. State u State v State w Individual a 5 8 11 Individual b 5 8 8 Individual c 5 6 6 Individuals a, b, and c form a society. There are three possible states for a, b and c, and they are states u, v, and w. The numbers in the table represent cardinal values for each individuals expectations under each possible state. as merit is greater than bs, whose merit is in turn greater than cs. Whilst a change from state u to state v is possible, since it benefits c, the least advantaged member of society, a change from state v to state w is disallowed by the difference principle, since it does not benefit c14. This violates the reward principle, since merit(a) is greater than merit(b), which is greater than merit(c), but reward(a) is not strictly greater than reward(b). This of course assumes a strong version of the reward principle, wherein reward must be ordered on the basis that each individual reward is strictly greater (less) than the next entry. But the redistributive consequences of Rawls theory also violate the reward principle. Rawls views as corollaries of the principles of justice taxation of inheritance and income at progressive rates, partly to secure a social minimum15. This redistribution attempts to ameliorate distribution patterned according to merit, and so is anti-meritocratic. Of course, Rawls scheme is meritocratic in certain ways[CJH3]. However, it is difficult to see how these meritocratic elements could be avoided within the modern liberal democracy Rawls intends to justify. Rawls never claims to eliminate natural differences, merely to mitigate their effects. The naturally advantaged are not to gain merely because they are more gifted, but only to cover the costs of training and education and for using their endowments in ways that help the less fortunate as well no one deserves his greater natural capacity but this is no reason to ignore, much less to eliminate these distinctions16. We can see the difference between the meritocrat and the Rawlsian here: while both acknowledge that inequalities in distribution may be patterned largely in accordance with merit, one claims that this is just because it is deserved, the other claims that it is just because it benefits the least advantaged. Thus, whilst certain extensionally meritocratic principles are employed in a Rawlsian society (e. g. recruitment decisions, increased remuneration for more demanding jobs), their justificatory basis is so radically different that they are intensionally anti-meritocratic principles, and Rawlsian society is thus strongly anti-meritocratic. This same anti-meritocratic society is the result of principles chosen in the original position from a list of alternatives, one of which was Rawls two principles of justice, the second principle interpreted as meaning that there be fair equality of opportunity, and distribution regulated according to the difference principle. I shall not examine whether more meritocratic principles of justice might have been chosen in the original position. Rather, I shall argue that in unfairly judging an interpretation of the second principle to be unjust, Rawls has thus unfairly restricted the list of alternatives, and so the rational choice problem he presents to participants in the original position is restricted in its possible outcomes. Of course, Rawls does not make the claim that his two principles of justice would be chosen from any list of principles of justice, since it is conceivable that for each conception of justice there is another that is better17. However, given that the missing alternative is another interpretation of one of Rawls own principles, I believe that this omission is a grave one. As mentioned above, Rawls considers a strongly meritocratic interpretation of the second principle in considering a system of natural liberty. What Rawls finds objectionable about a system of natural liberty is that distributive shares are improperly influenced by factors that are arbitrary from a moral point of view. It is not altogether clear what arbitrariness from a moral point of view is supposed to mean. It cannot mean that they have no bearing on moral considerations, for certain characteristics which Rawls might wish to view as morally arbitrary certainly do have a bearing on persons moral considerations. For example, if a person is of above average intelligence and goes to university to study moral philosophy, then his/her intelligence will, one hopes, have a bearing on his/her moral actions. Perhaps what Rawls means is that although these factors influence moral decisions, they are extrinsic to the problem; that, although intelligence, determination or strength might inform a moral decision, a persons natural talents and abilities are irrelevant as to whether we do the right thing by him/her. This claim for moral arbitrariness is in direct opposition to claims of desert based on merit. That merit should be rewarded on the basis of desert is a far more contentious claim than merit should be rewarded because doing so maximises societys productivity18, but is the most commonly used justification for a meritocracy. Consider the following argument for reward on the basis of desert. 1. People deserve their natural assets 2. If people deserve x, then they deserve any y that follows from x. 3. Peoples holdings flow from their natural assets. Therefore, 4. People deserve their holdings 5. If people deserve something then they ought to have it. 19 Of course, this argument is not internal to Rawls argument, since it uses as premises certain principles which have not been agreed to by POPs, specifically premises 1 and 5. However, this is itself is not a reason to discard this reason completely, since these premises, if true and in accordance with our considered judgements, may suggest that we have not yet reached a reflective equilibrium, and so need to recharacterise the original position so as to lead to principles of justice more in accordance with our considered judgements. Rawls rebuttal of this argument starts and ends with contesting the first premise, that everyone, or anyone, deserves his or her natural assets. This premise is of course false, since it is indeed true that no one deserves his or her natural assets, for whenever we say that a person deserves something, the question naturally follows, what is the basis for this desert? The bases of desert in our society depend on prior action and publicly recognised rules dealing with that prior action. I deserve to be paid, because I have worked, and my contract stipulates that for the work I have done, I deserve to be paid a certain amount. For non-legal claims of desert, we can still refer to a basis of desert that makes reference to publicly recognised rules which are informal20. Yet in the case of natural assets, there is prior action upon which to base a claim of desert, nor any publicly recognised rule which makes reference to these prior acts. Rawls error then is not in contesting the first premise of the above argument, but rather in his insistence that the bases of success are predetermined by natural contingencies. There is no space in Rawls concept of the person for non-determined characteristics which may form claims of merit or desert[MH4]. This determinism is not solely a genetic determinism, but includes facts of socio-economic and family background as determining factors. Consider the following sentence: The extent to which natural capacities develop and reach fruition is affected by all kinds of social conditions and class attitudes. Even the willingness to make an effort, to try, and so to be deserving in the ordinary sense is itself dependent upon happy family and social circumstances21. Rawls here ascribes the basis of desert, as I have done above, to prior action, specifically effort used to realise ones natural assets. Yet with the same stroke he denies that that basis of desert can be independent of determining factors, and so truly come from that person, not, as it were, by genetic or socio-economic proxy, but from non-determined characteristics. Let us then introduce a second argument for reward on the basis of desert. 1. People deserve what comes from their hard work and effort 2. To realise ones natural assets requires hard work and effort. 3. People deserve their natural assets as realised. 4. If people deserve X, then they deserve any Y that flows from X. 5. Peoples holdings flow from their natural assets. 6. People deserve their holdings. 7. If people deserve something, they ought to have it. Rawls objection might be as follows: ones natural assets as realised flow from ones natural assets. Yet ones natural assets are not deserved, and so one does not deserve ones natural assets as realised. One may counter this objection with a remark from Nozick, that it is not true, for example, that a person earns Y (a right to keep a painting hes made, praise for writing A Theory of Justice, and so on), only if hes earned (or otherwise deserves) whatever he used (including natural assets) in the process of earning Y. Some of the things he uses he just may have, not illegitimately. It neednt be that the foundations underlying desert are themselves deserved, all the way down22. However, this seems open to the objection that if we need not have foundations underlying desert that are deserved all the way down, then how far down must we deserve what underlies our desert? Instead, I argue that even if we do not deserve our natural efforts as realised, Rawls arguments do not undermine the counter-argument that I deserve the fruits of my labours. This principle of desert is surely one of our considered judgements, and non-concordance with the two principles of justice surely means that the two principles of justice do not represent a reflective equilibrium. Where Rawls is, I believe, correct in arguing against merit as a basis for reward is that one cannot divide up the fruits of my natural assets as realised and apportion some part to the effort I put in to realise those assets, and so deserve in the ordinary sense, and apportion some other part to natural contingencies. Thus, Rawls anti-meritocracy is based on an understandable concern about the effects of natural contingencies on reward. However, this concern is taken too far, and requires us to accept that there is no such thing as merit, since what we may think to be meritorious is in fact determined. 1 Rawls, John, A Theory of Justice, originally pub. 1971, Harvard University Press: page references in this essay will refer to the revised edition, pub. 1999, OUP. 2 Rogers, Ben, Portrait: John Rawls, Prospect Magazine, www. prospect-magazine. co. uk/highlights/portrait_johnrawls/ 3 Gray, John, Goodbye to Rawls, Prospect Magazine, www. prospect-magazine. co. uk/highlights/goodbye_rawls/ 4 There may, for instance, be confusion over the criteria of merit. Or, if a process exists designed to ensure offices are filled according to merit, it may be imperfect. 5 This distinction is used by Norman Daniels, in his article Merit and Meritocracy, Philosophy and Public Affairs, Vol. 7, Iss. 3, p. 208 6 Young, Michael, Rise of the Meritocracy, pub. Thames Hudson, 1958 7 Sandel, M. Liberalism and the Limits of Justice, p. 76 8 In terminology used by Nozick, this give rises to a patterned distribution. In Anarchy, State Utopia, pub. 1974, Basil Blackwell, Nozick shows that, unless capitalist acts between consenting adults and gifts are forbidden, then pattern distribution will always require some redistributive element to correct for the effects of transfers not in accordance with the desired pattern. This and Nozicks Wilt Chamberlin example give strong reasons why any patterned distribution criteria may never be perfectly satisfied. However, I shall assume for simplicity that transfers between individuals in society will have no effect on whether or not the reward schedule is satisfied. 9 Theory, i 12, pp. 62 63 10 Theory, i 12, p. 63 11 Sandel, p. 69 12 Theory, i 17, p. 87 13 Theory, i 13, p. 65 14 Such a change would be accepted by Amartya Sens lexical difference principle: where two social states are to be compared, rate more highly the one in which the position of the worst-placed is better; if the worst are equal then rate more highly the social state in which the position of the next worst-placed is better; etc,. Sen, A. , Collective Choice and Social Welfare, pub. 1970, Oliver Boyd, quoted in Shaw, P. , Rawls, The Difference Principle and Equality, Philosophical Quarterly, Vol. 42, Iss. 166, p. 74 15 Theory, i 43, pp. 243 245 16 Theory, i 17, p. 87 17 Theory, i 21, p. 106 18 Vide Daniels, Merit and Meritocracy, in which Daniels argues that claims of merit, in the restricted sense of that term relevant to meritocracies, are derived from considerations of efficiency or productivity and will not support stronger notions of desert. 19 This argument taken from Nozick, R. Anarchy, State Utopia, pp. 224 -5 20 We might take games as an example of non-legal rule-bound systems. However, we must be careful of claims such as The losing team deserved to win, since what this statement expresses is not a claim of desert, but rather a comparative evaluation of the two sides with reference to certain standards of good or skilful play. 21 Theory, i 12, p. 64, italics added. 22 Nozick, R. , Anarchy, State Utopia, p. 225 [CJH1]this will need to be clarified if the linkage between merit and desert is similarly to be clarified. [CJH2]doesnt make sense perhaps merit is related to efficiency perhaps some productivity reference, like maximizing primary goods. must not presuppose a theory of the good. [CJH3]Add something about legitimate expectations. [MH4]Could I reformulate desert in terms of merit does merit refer to a particular type of desert? Explain the connection, because its rather late in the essay to be introducing a completely new concept.

Why You Should Write a Sample Compare-And-Contrast Essay

Why You Should Write a Sample Compare-And-Contrast EssayA sample compare-and-contrast essay is an excellent way to practice your writing skills and take some important steps toward the test. There are several reasons why you should write a sample essay and why it is an effective technique to help you practice and get ready for your college admissions test. In this article, we will discuss why you should write a sample and what you can expect from a sample compare-and-contrast essay.A sample compare-and-contrast essay will give you an idea of what kind of essay you will need to write on a college admission test. It will provide you with a structure which you can use to help you write a good essay. To help you understand how you can prepare for a test, you need to look at sample essays that will help you think about what types of essay you should write.A sample compare-and-contrast essay will help you see if your college essay is going to be written in a specific format. If you need he lp, you can look at sample essays that will help you determine how to create a structure for your own style of writing.In addition, a sample compare-and-contrast essay will provide you with a set of questions that you will need to answer before you can complete the entire essay. This structure allows you to write a better essay and review and edit any sections that you want to change.Another reason why you should write a sample compare-and-contrast essay is because you will see if your essay has the correct structure. You should use the structure of a question and answer format. Bywriting the essay this way, you will be able to write a complete essay without looking over your shoulder to see if someone else finished it first.Finally, a sample compare-and-contrast essay is an excellent way to practice your writing skills. Writing an essay means that you are creating words on paper which is, in essence, another form of writing.Writing a sample compare-and-contrast essay will help you write a better essay and review and edit any sections that you want to change. By taking advantage of samples of essays, you will be able to write a more professional essay on your own time.

French and Indians essays

French and Indians essays The French and Indian War was caused by the worldwide struggle for empire by France, Spain, and England. The fighting of these countries often times spilled over into North America, where colonist were dragged into three wars: King Williams War, Queen Annes War and King Georges War, these wars lasted between 1689 and 1748. With the threat of war breaking out in Europe, the prospect of more colonial warfare remained. To gather a plan of defense and to gain Iroquois as allies, representatives from seven colonies and the Iroquois League met in Albany, New York. During the Albany Congress the delegates adopted Benjamin Franklins Albany Plan of Union. However the colonial assemblies rejected the plan, fearing that it would cause a raise in taxes and give Great Britain an up hand in power. The Iroquois decided that the English were too disunited to defeat the French, would not commit their support. In 1749 land speculators bought land in Virginia, hoping that there would be a quick profit form its resale. The Virginians felt the need to protect their land so the built forts at the junction of Ohio, Allegheny, and Monongahela rivers- this is present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The French thought that the land was theirs as well, so of course this caused some friction between the British and French. During the friction the French decided to dive the Virginians off of the land. Once the Virginians were off the land they completed the fort and named it Fort Duquesne. This outraged, Lieutenand Governor Robert Dinwiddie of Virginia sent George Washington and a company of militia to send the French from the area. But the French but up a good fight for the land. The British was just as determined to keep the land so they sent General Braddock, Washington and a large force of British and colonial soldiers to take Fort Duquesne back for their own. The colonial forces however were ve ...